Authors
Satheesh Kumar Sa, Muhammed Fazil VVa
a. Department of Orthopaedics, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation (SGMC&RF), Venjaramood, Kerala, India
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D plays a critical role in human health, extending beyond its well-known effects on bone metabolism to influence muscle function, cardiovascular homeostasis, nervous function, and the immune response. Despite its broad importance, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are highly prevalent worldwide.
Findings: Research extensively supports vitamin D’s benefits in mitigating the risk of numerous chronic conditions, including various types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, bacterial and viral infections, and autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Conclusion: Current daily vitamin D intake recommendations (5–15μg) are generally inadequate to achieve sufficient vitamin D status, especially in individuals with moderate skin synthesis. Therefore, there is a clear need for revised recommendations advocating for higher vitamin D intake to ensure adequate circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (above 75 nmol/L) for optimal health and disease prevention.