Authors
PMC Naira
Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major global health concern, particularly in India, where incidence is over 38% with significant mortality. Due to non-specific symptoms and diagnostic challenges, effective infection prevention strategies in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) are critical. This interview discusses current concepts and guidelines for infection prevention.
Key Strategies: The article emphasizes stringent hand hygiene as the cornerstone of infection prevention, recommending alcohol-based hand rubs for non-soiled hands and thorough washing for visibly soiled hands. It details protocols for handwashing, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and environmental cleaning (wet mopping, AC filter maintenance). Strategies to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) include chlorhexidine antisepsis, maximal barrier precautions, and central line teams.
Newborn Care & Other Measures: Recommendations cover specific newborn care practices such as avoiding routine hospital baths and vernix removal, proper umbilical cord and eye care, and the beneficial role of breast milk in reducing sepsis. The importance of restricting visitors while enabling parental involvement (Kangaroo Mother Care), aseptic medication preparation, and prudent antimicrobial stewardship (avoiding broad-spectrum antibiotics, developing antibiotic policies) is highlighted.
Conclusion: Implementing comprehensive infection prevention guidelines, focusing on hand hygiene, environmental control, appropriate newborn care, and judicious antimicrobial use, is essential to combat neonatal sepsis and improve outcomes in NICU settings.